The Eucharist explained. Differences of interpretation. [Extract from Rev J A Wylie, The History of Protestantism, London, Cassell,1899, vol 2. p 53-55.] The Lord’s Supper began early to be corrupted in the primitive Church. The simple memorial was changed into a mystery. That mystery became, century by century, more awful and inexplicable. It was made […]
Chronology of the Reformation in Europe. 1175 Peter Waldo of Lyons, and his `Poor Men`. 1180 First translation of New Testament into Romault, made available by Waldo. 1184 Pope Lucius III decreed bishops to hold inquisition and heretics handed to secular power for punishment. Pattern for the future. 1275 Inquisitor Reynerius […]
European Reformers. Switzerland Ulrich Zwingli (1487-1531) It was Ulrich Zwingli who was mainly responsible for the introduction of a stern almost Puritan type of Protestant theology into Switzerland. Zwingli`s early work was later developed by Calvin, in much the same way as Philip Melancthon formulated Martin Luther`s ideas of a more elaborate and ceremonial form […]
Time Line: Political events during The Reformation in Europe 1493-1621. This is only a snapshot of a hugely busy period throughout Europe and beyond. If copying/printing off do so in landscape. Holy Roman Empire Papacy & Italian states. France Spain Year Portugal Netherlands Austria (HRE) Turkey Hungary Maximilian of Austria (and Netherlands) Emperor. 1493 […]
The English Reformation from 1303-1483 Date Event Reign Abp. Canterbury Pope Contemporary events 1314 England defeated by Scots at Bannockburn. Edward II 1307-27 (deposed and murdered) Walter Reynold 1313-27 John XXI or XXII 1316 Nicholas, Antipope 1316. 1303-5 Subjugation of Scotland 1309 Papacy moves to Avignon. 1329 John Wyckcliffe born Edward III 1327-77 Simon Meopham […]
The English Reformation after the Wars of the Roses (1455-1485). Date Event Reign Abp. Canterbury Pope Contemporary events 1485 Wars of Roses ends. Henry Tudor proclaimed King Henry VII 1485-1509 John Morton 1486-1500 Innocent III 1484 1490 John Colet (1467-1519) leader of reform movement at Oxford, Dean of St Pauls. Alexander […]
The Gowrie Conspiracy. The Gowrie Conspiracy is one of the mysteries of the reign of King James VI. The 2nd Earl of Gowrie had been involved in the Ruthven Raid, and had caused the boy King James to burst into tears when he blocked his way from leaving the room they were in. The Earl […]
Dr. William Buchan M.D. 1729 – 1805 Eighteenth century Scotland was a difficult time for the children of all classes as medical knowledge and treatment of childhood diseases was as at best primitive. Although there had been success eradicating plague, and typhus and cholera had declined, there was still malaria until the late eighteenth […]
Jan (John) Hus (1374-1415) and Master Jerome of Prague Jan Hus was a Bohemian (Czechoslavakian) priest ordained in 1401, who shared similar views with John Wyckcliffe concerning the excesses of the medieval Catholic Church. He came from a modest background and by scrimping and saving his parents put him through the university of Prague where […]
The Reformation in Europe. Some observations and comments. When and where the Reformation began in Europe is a conundrum that depends to some extent on the nature of the sects that sprung up. There is evidence of evangelical Christians from the earliest days. The simple faith based entirely on the Scriptures has been preserved for […]
Gravestones and Memorials in Scotland. Surprising as it may seem there were not many gravestones for the common man or woman before the Reformation, only some temporary markers and perhaps the occasional `chest` type of tomb of a local laird or merchant who could not secure a coveted space inside the kirk. Those with status […]
The Scottish Reformation – An Overview. The tragedy of Flodden Field on September 9 ,1513 not only destroyed James IV and his entourage but it had a disastrous effect on the growing economy. James V came to the throne a child of two years. The country was exposed to the selfish and cruel ambitions of […]
St. Basil`s Rule. St Basil was born into a wealthy family about 330 AD, and ordained a priest of the Church of Caesarea in 364 AD. He became bishop of Caesaria in 370 AD. He later took up an ascetic life, retiring to a life of study and self discipline. But in this time he […]
Economic and social reasons for migration. The motivation to migrate from Scotland and Ulster because of religious persecution was certainly a serious cause between about 1630 and 1720. After this period the factors became much more economic and social as both agrarian and industrial revolutions began to exert influence. In the early 1700s landlords still […]