Religious Orders in Scotland ca 1560
On the eve of the Reformation the religious houses of Scotland were represented by :
Four houses of Benedictine monks – Coldingham, Dunfermline, Iona and Pluscarden.
Two houses of Cluniac monks – Crossraguel and Paisley.
Five houses of Tironensian monks – Arbroath, Kelso, Kilwinning, Lesmahagow, and Lindores.
Eleven houses of Cistercian monks – Balmerino, Beauly (originally Valliscaulian), Coupar, Angus, Culross, Deer, Dundrennan, Glenluce, Kinloss, Melrose, Newbattle, and Sweetheart or New Abbey.
One house of Valliscaulian monks at Ardchattan.
A Carthusian priory at Perth.
Seventeen houses of Augustinian canons – Blantyre, Cambuskenneth, Canonbie, Holyroodhouse, Inchaffray, Inchcolm, Inchmahome, Jedburgh, Loch Leven or Portmoak, Monymusk, Oronsay, Pittenweem ( with May), Restenneth, St Andrews Isle or Trail, Scone, and Strathfillan.
Six houses of Premonstratensian canons – Druburgh, Fearn, Holywood, Soulseat, Tongland, and Whithorn.
Four Trinitarian houses – Aberdeen, Fail, Peebles, and Scotlandwell.
A preceptory of the Knights of St John of Jerusalem at Torphichen.
Seven Cistersian nunneries – Coldstream, Eccles, Elcho, Haddington, Manuel, North Berwick, and St Bathans or Abbey St Bathans.
St Augustine nunnery at Iona.
A house of Dominican nuns – Sciennes priory near Edinburgh.
Two Franciscan nunneries at Aberdour, and Dundee.
Thirteen Dominican friaries – Aberdeen, Ayr, Dundee, Edinburgh, Elgin, Glasgow, Inverness, Montrose, Perth, St Andrews, St Monance, Stirling, and Wigtown.
Five Franciscan houses of Friars Minor, Dumfries, Dundee, Haddington, Kirkcudbright , and Lanark.
Eight Observant Friaries – Aberdeen, Ayr, Edinburgh, Elgin, Glasgow, Perth, St Andrews, and Stirling.
Ten Carmelite houses – Aberdeen, Banff, Edinburgh, Inverbervie, Irvine, Kingussie, Linlithgow, Luffness, Queensferry, and Tullilum.